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(NATO Codename Typhoon)
Crew | 150 - 160 men |
Diving depth | 400 m |
Sea endurance | 120 days |
Dimensions and weight | |
Length | 172 m |
Beam | 23.3 m |
Draught | 11 m |
Surfaced displacement | 23 200 tones |
Submerged displacement (full load) | 48 000 tones |
Propulsion and speed | |
Surfaced speed | 12 - 16 knots |
Submerged speed | 25 - 27 knots |
Nuclear reactors | 2 x 190 MW |
Steam turbines | 2 x 50 000 kW |
Turbo generators | 2 x 3 200 kW |
Diesel generators | 2 x 800 kW |
Propellers | 2 x 7-blade |
Armament | |
Missiles | D-19 missile system with 20 launchers and 20 RSM-52 (SS-N-20 Sturgeon) ballistic missiles |
Torpedoes | 2 x 650-mm torpedo tubes, 4 x 533-mm torpedo tubes, 22 anti-submarine missiles and torpedoes. |
Other | mines |
On the Soviet classification "Typhoon" names all system of strategic forces similar to the American program "Trident". The missile submarines are called as "sharks", in memory of Russian submarine "Shark". The Americans correctly have named a submarine 941 as "Typhoon", as this submarine has really destructive force of a typhoon. Today even in Russia these boats more often name as "Typhoons", than "sharks". Beginning work above creation underwater cruiser of a new generation the Russian ship builders possessed enough wide experience - Not one ten nuclear submarines by then ploughed abysses of the global ocean. Soviet designers have created marine hard fuel missile similar that was developed in USA as «Trident-1». But it has appeared large-sized and three times more large than American analog (weighed almost hundred tons). In submarines of a traditional construction was not possible to place a plenty of such missiles. It was necessary to search in essence for a new solution. Was considered and carefully 200 various variants are counted more than. It was necessary to decide the whole scale of scientific and technical and technological problems. In the issue optimum solution was found. Submarine "Typhoon" - It actually two submarines, integrated one outside tank - Some kind of underwater catamaran. In this project so much rather revolutionary ideas are realized, that, up to an extremity of century "Typhoons" will stay not only largest submarines in the world, but also most advanced on a level of the battle possibilities. On a level of comfort any other submarines, including "Ohio" can not be compared to these submarines. On "Typhoon" there is a sports hall, sauna, swimming pool, separate cabins for all members of crew and much other, that allows really to consider a submarine as the present underwater cruiser both on battle possibilities, and on conditions of a habitability. The strategic heavy missiles underwater cruiser 941 ("Typhoon" - On a classification of NATO) is intended for plotting missile-nuclear impacts on large distances on large military-industrial objects and items of basing of forces. A basis of its arms make three-stage ballistic missiles RSM-52 of large distance of flight. The submarine 941 is largest in the world. On a construction - It is a multicase submarine, some kind of underwater catamaran. Inside an easy deckhouse with the cover is five strong habitable tanks two from which, main, go in parallel one another and are located symmetrically of rather diametrical plane. Before cabin of the ship, between main tanks 20 launching tubes for ballistic missiles are placed in two numbers. In a nose of a boat, from above, between tanks, there is a torpedo compartment, where are placed six 650-mm and 533-mm fast launching torpedoes devices and torpedoes (22 missiles-torpedoes and usual torpedoes in various combinations). In addition to torpedo arms the submarine can accept mines. Behind the launching tubes, above main tanks in a diametrical plane, under protection of sliding devices, the strong module consisting of two compartments - Main command item and a compartment radio engineering compartment is located. In total on the submarine there are 19 compartments. Power installation of a submarine - Nuclear, steam turbine. Consists of two flight levels - On one in each main tank. Into each flight level enter the reactor and steam an aggregate. In a nose and forage are mounted driving device. Cabin, protection of cabin and sliding systems have the ice reinforcements and roof of the form facilitating updiv. in ice. The nose horizontal control surfaces are born in a nose extremity and are removed in tank. On both sides of cabin two are mounted floating saving cameras. In protection of cabin are placed (from a nose in a forage) 2 periscopes, antenna radiosekstant, radar-tracking station, communication station and navigation, direction finder. The submarine is equipped with floating antennas of a type permitting to accept a radio reports, target destination and signals of satellite navigation on large depth and under ice. The full underwater displacement of the submarine makes 24800 n (length 172 g). The velocity of a full underwater speed reaches 25 knots (surface 12 knots). Crew 160 persons. An autonomy 120 days. The "Akula" class ballistic missile nuclear-powered (SSBN) submarines are the largest submarines ever to be built. They were constructed at the Severodvinsk
Shipyard, on the White Sea near Archangel. The first of the six members of
the class to be commissioned was TK 208 in 1981, followed by TK 202 in
1983, TK 12 in 1984, TK 13 in 1985, TK 17 in 1987 and TK 20 in 1989. TK 12
and TK 13 are no longer operational. The submarines are stationed with the
Russian Northern Fleet at Litsa Guba. CONSTRUCTION The Typhoon class
submarine is of multi-hulled design - five inner hulls are situated inside
a superstructure of the two parallel main hulls. The superstructure is
coated with sound-absorbent tiles. There are 19 compartments including a
strengthened module which houses the main control room and electronic
equipment compartment which is above the main hulls behind the missile
launch tubes, under the guard for the periscopes etc. The submarine's
design includes features to enable it to both travel under ice and for
ice-breaking. It has an advanced stern fin with horizontal hydroplane
fitted after the screws. The nose horizontal hydroplanes are in the bow
section and are retractable into the hull. The retractable systems include
two periscopes (one for the commander and one for general use), radio
sextant, radar, radio communications, navigation and direction-finder
masts. They are housed within the sail guard. The sail and sail guard have
a reinforced rounded cover for ice-breaking. Maximum diving depth is 400
m. Speed is 12 knots when surfaced and 25 knots when submerged. "Akula"
is
capable of spending 120 days at sea. Two releasable escape chambers are
located on each side of the sail. |